Ampelographic glossary
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Adult leaf
Definitions
Leaf situated on the middle third of the main shoot of the year, best observed between the stages of fruit set and veraison.
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Anthocyanin pigmentation
Definitions
Pink, red or purple colouring that may be related to the youth of the organ or tissue concerned (e.g. young leaf, herbaceous shoot, petiole, vein).
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Berry – Aromas
Definitions
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Foxy: aroma of berries of the V. labrusca grape variety and most of its hybrids, reminiscent of wild strawberry.
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Herbaceous: aromas of berries reminiscent of unripe vegetables.
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Muscat-like: berry aroma with floral (rose) and fruity notes (litchis)
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Blade – Lateral sinuses
Definitions
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Lower lateral sinus: indentation of the blade with clear interruption of serration, located between the 2 primary lateral veins.
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Upper lateral sinus: indentation of the blade with clear interruption of serration, located between the primary central vein and the adjacent primary lateral vein.
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Secondary lateral sinuses: indentation of the blade with clear interruption of serration, located between 2 secondary veins.
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Blade – Petiolar sinus
Definitions
Break in the blade where the petiole is attached. Degree of opening:
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Open: the lobes of the sinus flare outwards and do not overlap.
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Closed: the lobes of the sinus touch (or slightly overlap) one another.
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Overlapping lobes: the lobes of the sinus clearly overlap.
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Shape of the base:
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U-shaped
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V-shaped
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Bracket-shaped
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Particularity
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With one tooth on one of the margins
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Base delimited by the primary lateral vein (“naked”)
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Petiolar point: point of attachment of the 5 primary veins and the blade on the petiole.
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Blade – Profile
Definitions
Way in which the blade naturally occupies space.
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Involute: turned or rolled towards the upper surface of the blade.
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Keeled: like a half-open book.
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Revolute: blade turned or rolled towards the lower surface of the blade.
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Crisped: blade profile both involute and revolute in disorganised fashion.
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Blade – Relief
Definitions
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Blister: micro-relief or bump on the blade between the tertiary and quaternary veins.
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Goffer: contraction or depression in the surface of the blade between the primary and secondary veins.
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Smooth: not rough, uniform.
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Hammered: refers to slight puckering of the blade, flattened in appearance.
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Undulate: relief between the primary and/or secondary veins running parallel to those veins.
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Blade – Shape
Definitions
Indentations around the blade margin with a clear interruption of serration.
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Cordate: heart-shaped.
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Cuneate: in the shape of a wedge, or a square or rectangle in juxtaposition with an underlying triangle.
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Orbicular: rounded (or circular), able to fit into a circle.
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Pentagonal (or truncate): with five edges, able to fit into a pentagon.
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Reniform: shaped like a kidney bean or kidney, breadth greater than length.
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Bud scales
Definitions
Bracts protecting the bud before it opens.
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Blade – Sinus
Definitions
Indentations around the blade margin with a clear interruption of serration.
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Bloom
Definitions
Dull waxy layer covering certain organs (berry, herbaceous shoot).
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Cane
Definitions
Lignified shoot.
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Cluster – Pedicel
Definitions
Stem bearing the berry starting from the point of attachment to the berry to the first ramification of the stalk.
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Cluster – Peduncle
Definitions
Main stalk joining the cluster to the shoot from the point of attachment on the shoot to the first ramification of the stalk.
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Cluster – Size
Definitions
Size, scale (cf. manual).
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Cluster – Stem
Definitions
The pedicels, ramifications and peduncle of the cluster considered as a whole.
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Fasciation
Definitions
Abnormal type of growth of shoots, petioles, tendrils or stalks/stems which appear fused together into bundles and rather flattened.
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Herbaceous (organ)
Definitions
Non-lignified.
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Herbaceous shoot
Definitions
Young branch before lignification.
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Inflorescence
Definitions
Group of flower buds which, after fecundation, give rise to a cluster.
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Petiole
Definitions
Part of the leaf joining the blade to the branch (or shoot).
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Phenology
Definitions
Study of plant development stages (e.g. bud burst, flowering veraison, ripeness).
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Bud burst: phenological stage corresponding to the opening of the bud scales, revealing the bud (stage B on Baggiolini scale).
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Flowering: phenological stage corresponding to the opening and fall of the floral calyptras (stage I on Baggiolini scale).
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Veraison: phenological stage corresponding to the softening of the berries just before they change colour (stage M on Baggiolini scale).
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Maturity: phenological stage corresponding to the optimal sugar content produced by photosynthesis with no loss of berry volume, and the deliberately chosen period of harvest (stage N on Baggiolini scale).
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Shoot – Lateral
Definitions
Secondary ramification of the shoot from a lateral bud.
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Shoot – Node
Definitions
Swelling of the shoot at the place where the buds, leaf petioles and tendrils or bunches arise.
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Shoot – Pith
Definitions
Non-compact, central tissue of the shoot or branch (or lignified root), more or less abundant and discontinued at the nodes.
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Tendril
Definitions
Organ which twines and attaches the vine to a neighbouring support.
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Teeth
Definitions
Peripheral endings of veins around the blade margin.
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Teeth – Shape
Definitions
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Concave: with rounded edges curving towards the interior of the leaf surface.
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Convex: with rounded edges curving towards the outside (ogival).
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Straight: with straight edges.
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Mucronate: the teeth terminate at the apex of the vein, forming a small, clearly visible point.
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Curly: the teeth are positioned alternately upwards and downwards around the blade margin.
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Tip of the young shoot
Definitions
End of the young shoot situated above the first detached leaf, best observed at the time of flowering.
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Open: the very first young leaves grow outwards and the apex of the shoot is entirely visible.
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Closed or semi-closed: the apex of the shoot is covered or partially covered by the first young leaves.
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Globular: enveloping, pouch-like character of the first young leaves.
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Young leaves
Definitions
3rd to 5th leaves clearly detached or separated from the tip of the shoot.
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