Trousseau
N
Wine grape variety.
The geographical origin of the variety is specified or, if this is not possible, the area in which it is traditionally cultivated. The genetic origin of the variety is also indicated whenever it is known from hybridiser data or from genetic analyses published or obtained by the teams at INRAE in Montpellier (UMR AGAP) and Vassal-Montpellier Grapevine Biological Resources Centre (CRB-Vigne).
This variety, originally from the Jura region is, based on genetic analyses carried out in Montpellier, probably a descendant of Savagnin.
This information indicates the normal and statutory use for the grapes.
Wine grape variety.
Name under which the variety is officially registered in the catalogue of grapevine varieties in France and under which it may be propagated and disseminated.
Trousseau
Recognised alternative names that may be used to identify the propagation material of the variety in France or in other member countries of the European Union.
In the European Union, Trousseau is officially called by other names: Bastardo (Cyprus, Portugal) and Merenzao (Spain). These synonyms are officially recognized in France regarding plant propagation material.
This information indicates on which list the variety is registered (A or B), whether it is classified for wine grapes, and in which member countries of the European Union the variety is also officially registered (for more information, see the "Legislation" menu.
In France, Trousseau is officially listed in the "Catalogue of vine varieties" on the A list and classified. This variety is also listed in the catalogues of other Member States of the European Union: Cyprus, Portugal and Spain.
Evolution of cultivated areas in France
The figures provided are taken from vineyard land registers (IVCC, ONIVIT, ONIVINS), general agricultural censuses (SCEES-INSEE) and the current computerised vineyard register (DGDDI, FAM).
Regional vine planting data is available on the following site: https://visionet.franceagrimer.fr/Pages/DonneesInteractivesDocs.aspx?sousmenu=observatoire%20de%20la%20viticulture.
The figures provided are taken from vineyard land registers (IVCC, ONIVIT, ONIVINS), general agricultural censuses (SCEES-INSEE) and the current computerised vineyard register (DGDDI, FAM). Regional vine planting data is available on the following site: https://visionet.franceagrimer.fr/Pages/DonneesInteractivesDocs.aspx?sousmenu=observatoire%20de%20la%20viticulture.
Year |
ha |
|
|---|---|---|
|
1958 |
166 |
|
|
1968 |
143 |
|
|
1979 |
76 |
|
|
1988 |
85 |
|
|
1998 |
139 |
|
|
2008 |
165 |
|
|
2018 |
177 |
Only the principal ampelographic elements enabling the varieties to be characterised and identified are provided. They are presented according to the descriptor code recognised by the International Organisation of Vine and Wine (OIV), the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV), the Community Plant Variety Office (OCVV) and Bioversity International (for more information, see the "Ampelographic glossary" menu). The photographs of leaves and grapes were taken in natural conditions, on the vine, in very similar situations in terms of growing conditions (sandy soil, Mediterranean coast): - Domaine de l'Espiguette (IFV), Le Grau du Roi (Gard), - Domaine de Vassal (INRAE), Marseillan (Hérault), - La Gaillarde Campus (Institut Agro | Montpellier SupAgro), Montpellier (Hérault). Only a few photographs, including the tips of bunches, were taken in other conditions.
- the tip of the young shoot with a high density of prostrate hairsand a piping distribution of anthocyanin coloration,
- the circular adult leaves, with five lobes, shallow lateral sinuses, a slightly open petiole sinus or with slightly overlapping lobes with opposing edges towards the lower side, short teeth with convex sides, no or a weak anthocyanin coloration of veins, a twisted, slightly goffered, very blistered and folded near the petiole sinus leaf blade, and on the lower side of the leaves, a low to medium density of prostrate hairs,
- the ellipsoid berries.
Genetic profile
The genetic profile of the variety is provided for the 9 microsatellite markers (or SSR markers) selected under the European programme GrapeGen06 (http://www.eu-vitis.de/index.php) and by the OIV. The absolute size values of the alleles may vary slightly from one laboratory to another, but the relative differences between the two alleles of one single microsatellite are constant. The genetic analyses were conducted by the INRAE Montpellier team (UMR AGAP) and the IFV’s Plant Material Centre.
| Microsatellite | VVS2 | VVMD5 | VVMD7 | VVMD27 | VRZAG62 | VRZAG79 | VVMD25 | VVMD28 | VVMD32 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Allele 1 |
141 |
236 |
239 |
172 |
188 |
246 |
248 |
233 |
239 |
|
Allele 2 |
149 |
236 |
257 |
186 |
188 |
248 |
254 |
247 |
255 |
The data on suitability are the result of field observations or, if none are available, of bibliography mining and the study of bibliographic references.
Trousseau is a vigorous variety which must be planted in well exposed terroirs to reach proper maturity. Short or long pruning suits it well according to climatic conditions.
These remarks are also the result of field observations or, if none are available, of bibliography mining and study of bibliographic references.
Trousseau is fairly susceptible to diseases, particularly to grey rot. It is also quite suscpetible to vine leafhoppers and sensitive to wood diseases.
The growth stages indicated are the result of obsrvations made at the Domaine de Vassal Estate where the set of these varieties form a collection. The results are indicated compared to the Chasselas vine variety as a reference in order to make comparisons between years and different sites. As such, for information purposes, the dates for the Chasselas B growth stage at Domaine de Vassal are as follows: - Bud burst, 21 March (average over 50 years) - Grape maturity, 14 August (average over 50 years)
Bud burst: 2 days after Chasselas.
Grape maturity: early-season, 1 week and a half after Chasselas.
The size of grape clusters and berries indicated are based on the following scales: - Wine grape varieties Size : Very small Bunch (g) : ≤ 100 Berry (g) : 1 - Table grape varieties Bunch (g) : 150 Berry (g) : 2 - Wine grape varieties Size : Small Bunch (g) : 100 - 200 Berry (g) : 1,5 - 2 - Table grape varieties Bunch (g) : 150 - 250 Berry (g) : 2 - 3,5 - Wine grape varieties Size : Moderate Bunch (g) : 200 - 250 Berry (g) : 2 - 2,5 - Table grape varieties Bunch (g) : 250 - 400 Berry (g) : 3,5 - 5,5 - Wine grape varieties Size : Large Bunch (g) : 250 - 400 Berry (g) : 2,5 - 3,5 - Table grape varieties Bunch (g) : 400 - 700 Berry (g) : 5,5 - 8 - Wine grape varieties Size : Very large Bunch (g) : 400 Berry (g) : 3,5 - Table grape varieties Bunch (g) : 700 Berry (g) : 8 Remarks concerning the characteristics of the wines are generally based on tastings organised by juries of professionals.
The bunches are small and the berries are medium in size. Trousseau produces characteristic, warm and full-bodied wines, with a light color if the yields are high. This variety's sugar accumulation potential is high.
In this section, the list of certified clones is given. Information on clone conservatories is also provided.
The seven certified Trousseau clones carry the numbers 1004, 1017, 1021, 1026, 1114, 1277 and 1278. A conservatory of fifty or so clones was planted in the French department of Jura in 2005. An other conservatory of ten clones was planted in the French department of Charente in 2013.
Bibliography
- Catalogue des variétés et clones de vigne cultivés en France. Collectif, 2007, Ed. IFV, Le Grau-du-Roi, France.
- Documentary collections of the Centre de Ressources Biologiques de la Vigne de Vassal-Montpellier, INRAE - Institut Agro | Montpellier, Marseillan, France.
- Dictionnaire encyclopédique des cépages et de leurs synonymes. P. Galet, 2015, Ed. Libre&Solidaire, France.
- Traité général de viticulture, Ampélographie. P. Viala and V. Vermorel, 1901-1909, Ed. Masson, Paris, France.
Description of clones approved in France
In this section, the list of certified clones is given. Information on clone conservatories is also provided.
In this section, the list of certified clones is given. Information on clone conservatories is also provided.
-
Clone number
-
Brand
-
Origin
Region, department or winegrowing region in which the “clone mother plant” was identified and selected.
-
Selection
Body or bodies which selected the clone. In France, clonal selection is the responsibility of the selection organisations (themselves accredited by the ministry in charge of agriculture), usually in close collaboration with a technical partner working in a winegrowing region. For clones certified after 1999, the name of the partner or partners who took part in the selection work is also included. (NB: CA = Chamber of Agriculture).
-
Year of approval
Year in which the clone was certified by the FranceAgriMer board further to a proposal by the Vine section of the CTPS (Permanent Technical Committee for Plant Selection).
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Agronomic Reference
Region, department or winegrowing region in which the agronomic and technological data were collected.
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Surface in multiplication
Surface area in hectares (ha) of stock nurseries used for propagation for the year under consideration (in brackets), which allows the available potential to be evaluated. Clones with a surface area of between 0.01 and 0.10 ha are shown as <0.10 ha. Clones of limited dissemination, but for which we have technical data, are shown as <0.01 ha. Other clones are given as “low-dissemination clone”, which means that the clone has been certified only recently or has not been propagated. In both cases, only the initial material is planted in the selection centres.
-
N
-
1004
-
-
Jura
-
ENTAV
-
1993
-
Jura
-
0.11 ha
-
Agronomic Data
-
Production level low to medium
-
Technological Data
-
Sugar richness medium to high
-
Tannic structure medium to high
-
Oenological skills colored, balanced wines, representative of the variety
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Other information
-
General note clone appreciated for the quality of the wines obtained
-
N
-
1017
-
-
Jura
-
ENTAV
-
1998
-
Jura
-
0.06 ha
-
Agronomic Data
-
Production level low to medium
-
Technological Data
-
Sugar richness medium to high
-
Oenological skills representative wines of the variety
-
N
-
1021
-
-
Jura
-
ENTAV
-
1994
-
Jura
-
0.05 ha
-
Agronomic Data
-
Production level medium to high
-
Susceptibility to Botrytis high
-
Technological Data
-
Sugar richness medium
-
Oenological skills balanced wines, representative of the variety
-
Other information
-
General note yield must be managed
-
N
-
1026
-
-
Jura
-
ENTAV
-
1995
-
Jura
-
0.08 ha
-
Agronomic Data
-
Production level low to medium
-
Technological Data
-
Sugar richness medium to high
-
Oenological skills representative wines of the variety
-
Other information
-
General note regular production clone
-
N
-
1114
-
-
Jura
-
Société de Viticulture Jura - IFV
-
2007
-
Jura
-
-
-
Agronomic Data
-
Production level low
-
Cluster weight low
-
Susceptibility to Botrytis low
-
Technological Data
-
Sugar richness medium to high
-
Color potential medium to high
-
Total acidity medium
-
Tannic structure medium to high
-
Oenological skills fine, colored, tannic and well-balanced wines. Suited to the production of wines with ageing potential.
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Other information
-
General note this type of Trousseau is locally known as "à la dame"
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Agronomic note Qualitative clone, not very productive with a good maturity. It produces wines appreciated in tasting and suitable for ageing. It is also less susceptible to grey rot thanks to loose bunches, prone to coulure and millerandage.
-
N
-
1277
-
-
Jura
-
Société Viticulture du Jura - IFV
-
2018
-
Jura
-
-
-
Agronomic Data
-
Fertility medium
-
Production level medium to high
-
Cluster weight medium to high
-
Berry size medium to high
-
Susceptibility to Botrytis low
-
Technological Data
-
Sugar richness medium
-
Color potential high
-
Total acidity high
-
Tannic structure high
-
Aromatic intensity medium to high
-
Oenological skills colored, round wines with a good tannic structure
-
Other information
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General note this type of Trousseau is locally known as "à la dame"
-
Agrotecnica note Qualitative clone with a slightly above average production and good maturity. <br/>It produces wines appreciated in tasting and suitable for ageing. It is also less sensitive to grey rot thanks to <br/>loose bunches (sometimes of heterogeneous size), prone to coulure and millerandage.
-
N
-
1278
-
-
Jura
-
Société Viticulture du Jura - IFV
-
2018
-
Jura
-
-
-
Agronomic Data
-
Fertility medium
-
Production level medium
-
Cluster weight medium
-
Berry size medium to high
-
Susceptibility to Botrytis low
-
Technological Data
-
Sugar richness high
-
Color potential high
-
Total acidity medium
-
Tannic structure high
-
Aromatic intensity high
-
Oenological skills colored, round wines with a good tannic structure
-
Other information
-
General note this type of Trousseau is locally known as "à la dame"
-
Agrotecnica note Qualitative clone, of average production with a good maturity. It produces wines appreciated in tasting <br/> and suitable for ageing. It is also less sensitive to grey rot thanks to loose bunches of grapes, prone to coulure and millerandage.
