Mourvèdre

Mourvèdre N

Name of the variety in France Name under which the variety is officially registered in the catalogue of grapevine varieties in France and under which it may be propagated and disseminated.

Name under which the variety is officially registered in the catalogue of grapevine varieties in France and under which it may be propagated and disseminated.

Mourvèdre

Origin

This variety is originally from Spain and was probably introduced in France at the end of the Middle Ages.

Synonyms

Recognised alternative names that may be used to identify the propagation material of the variety in France or in other member countries of the European Union.

In the European Union, Mourvèdre is officially called by other names: Mataro (Cyprus) and Monastrell (Spain). These synonyms are officially recognized in France regarding plant propagation material.

Legal information This information indicates on which list the variety is registered (A or B), whether it is classified for wine grapes, and in which member countries of the European Union the variety is also officially registered (for more information, see the <a href="/en/reglementation">"Legislation"</a>menu).

This information indicates on which list the variety is registered (A or B), whether it is classified for wine grapes, and in which member countries of the European Union the variety is also officially registered (for more information, see the <a href="/en/reglementation">"Legislation"</a>menu).

In France, Mourvèdre is officially listed in the "Catalogue of vine varieties" on the A list and classified. This variety is also listed in the catalogues of other Member States of the European Union: Crotia, Cyprus, Greece, Malta and Spain.

Use

This information indicates the normal and statutory use for the grapes.

Wine grape variety.

Evolution of cultivated areas in France

The figures provided are taken from vineyard land registers (IVCC, ONIVIT, ONIVINS), general agricultural censuses (SCEES-INSEE) and the current computerised vineyard register (DGDDI, FAM).<br>
Regional vine planting data is available on the following site: <a href="https://visionet.franceagrimer.fr/Pages/DonneesInteractivesDocs.aspx?sousmenu=observatoire%20de%20la%20viticulture" target="">visionet</a>.

	1958	1968	1979	1988	1998	2008	2018
ha	617	857	3146	5608	7249	9164	9149

Descriptive elements

<p>Only the principal ampelographic elements enabling the varieties to be characterised and identified are provided. They are presented according to the descriptor code recognised by the International Organisation of Vine and Wine (OIV), the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV), the Community Plant Variety Office (OCVV) and Bioversity International (for more information, see the <a href="/en/vocabulaire">"Ampelographic glossary"</a> menu).<br>
The photographs of leaves and grapes were taken in natural conditions, on the vine, in very similar situations in terms of growing conditions (sandy soil, Mediterranean coast):</p>
<ul>
<li>Domaine de l'Espiguette (IFV), Le Grau du Roi (Gard),</li>
<li>Domaine de Vassal (INRAE), Marseillan (Hérault),</li>
<li>La Gaillarde Campus (Institut Agro | Montpellier SupAgro), Montpellier (Hérault).</li>
</ul>
<p>Only a few photographs, including the tips of bunches, were taken in other conditions.</p>

The identification is based on:
- the tip of the young shoot with a very high density of prostrate hairs,
- the young leaves with bronze spots,
- the shoots with red colored internodes and an erect bearing,
- the circular adult leaves, entire or with three lobes, with a open lyre-shaped petiole sinus, large teeth, moderate compared to their width at the base with straight sides, a moderate anthocyanin coloration of veins, a flat leaf blade, and on the lower side of the leaves, a high density of erect and prostrate hairs,
- the round-shaped berries.

Genetic profile

Microsatellite	VVS2	VVMD5	VVMD7	VVMD27	VRZAG62	VRZAG79	VVMD25	VVMD28	VVMD32
Allel 1	131	223	249	176	188	252	240	243	239
Allel 2	149	238	249	186	204	262	262	257	255

Phenology

<p>The growth stages indicated are the result of obsrvations made at the Domaine de Vassal Estate where the set of these varieties form a collection. The results are indicated compared to the Chasselas vine variety as a reference in order to make comparisons between years and different sites. As such, for information purposes, the dates for the Chasselas B growth stage at Domaine de Vassal are as follows:</p>
<ul>
<li>Bud burst, 21 March (average over 50 years)</li>
<li>Grape maturity, 14 August (average over 50 years)</li>
</ul>

Bud burst: 13 days after Chasselas.
Grape maturity: late-season, 4 weeks and a half after Chasselas.

Suitability for cultivation and agronomic production The data on suitability are the result of field observations or, if none are available, of bibliography mining and the study of bibliographic references.

The data on suitability are the result of field observations or, if none are available, of bibliography mining and the study of bibliographic references.

Mourvèdre is a demanding variety and its growing is delicate. With its erect bearing and acrotonic nature, it must be pruned short. As such, it can be trained in cordon, with reduced trellis or in open gobelet. Care must be taken to maintain the non abundant foliage, that is moderately effective. Trimming must be avoided to limit the presence of large size grappillons, which then represent a bothersome competition. Production per vine trunk must be low to prevent risk of depletion. This variety sometimes demonstrates alternating fertility. The pedo-climatic requirements of Mourvèdre are very demanding. This variety appears well adapted to limestone soils deep enough to allow a limited but regular water supply. Potassium and magnesium supplies (K/Mg) must also be balanced in order to prevent the appearance of deficencies. Finally, the main limiting factor for growing this late variety (budburst and grape maturity), is that the temperatures at the moment of grape maturation must be very high (especially minimum temperatures) to enable proper ripening and a sufficient accumulation of sugar in the berries. This variety is thus reserved for the hottest southern areas and the best exposed.

Susceptibility to diseases and pests These remarks are also the result of field observations or, if none are available, of bibliography mining and study of bibliographic references.

These remarks are also the result of field observations or, if none are available, of bibliography mining and study of bibliographic references.

Mourvèdre is sensitive to mites, vine leafhoppers, esca and sour rot. On the other hand, it is generally not very so susceptible to grey rot and it resists well againt phomopsis.

Technological potentiality

<p>The size of grape clusters and berries indicated are based on the following scales:</p>
<table id="potentiel">
<thead>
<tr>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2">Wine grape varieties</td>
<td colspan="2">Table grape varieties</td>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Size</td>
<td>Bunch (g)</td>
<td>Berry (g)</td>
<td>Bunch (g)</td>
<td>Berry (g)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Very small</td>
<td>≤ 100</td>
<td>< 1</td>
<td>< 150</td>
<td>< 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Small</td>
<td>100 - 200</td>
<td>1,5 - 2</td>
<td>150 - 250</td>
<td>2 - 3,5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Moderate</td>
<td>200 - 250</td>
<td>2 - 2,5</td>
<td>250 - 400</td>
<td>3,5 - 5,5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Large</td>
<td>250 - 400</td>
<td>2,5 - 3,5</td>
<td>400 - 700</td>
<td>5,5 - 8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Very large</td>
<td>> 400</td>
<td>> 3,5</td>
<td>> 700</td>
<td>> 8</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Remarks concerning the characteristics of the wines are generally based on tastings organised by juries of professionals.</p>

Mourvèdre's bunches are medium to large and the berries are medium in size. The color potential of this variety is moderate with sometimes a lack of acidity. Nevertheless, Mourvèdre can produce very high quality, aromatic, tannic and structured wines, suitable for ageing and maturing in wood barrels, provided that the grape maturity is sufficient (12 natural degrees minimum) and that the production per vine trunk is limited.

Clonal selection in France In this section, the list of certified clones is given. Information on clone conservatories is also provided.

The fourteen certified Mourvèdre clones carry the numbers 233, 234, 244, 245, 247, 248, 249, 369, 448, 449, 450, 520, 1069 and 1215. A conservatory of almost 100 clones has been planted in the wine-growing region of Bandol (French department of Var) since 2004.

Bibliographic references The main bibliographical sources are provided.

- Catalogue des variétés et clones de vigne cultivés en France. Collectif, 2007, Ed. IFV, Le Grau-du-Roi, France.
- Documentary collections of the Centre de Ressources Biologiques de la Vigne de Vassal-Montpellier, INRAE - Institut Agro | Montpellier, Marseillan, France.
- Dictionnaire encyclopédique des cépages et de leurs synonymes. P. Galet, 2015, Ed. Libre&Solidaire, France.
- Traité général de viticulture, Ampélographie. P. Viala and V. Vermorel, 1901-1909, Ed. Masson, Paris, France.

Description of clones certified in France In this section, the list of certified clones is given. Information on clone conservatories is also provided.

		Identity and availability					Agronomic data						Technological data						Autres informations
Clone no.	Marque	Origin	Selection	Year of certification	Agronomic references	Surface area used for propagation (year)	Fertility	Production level	Bunch weight	Vigor	Berry size	Susceptibility to grey rot	Sugar level	Color potential	Titrable acidity	Tannic structure	Aromatic intensity	Oenological suitability	New	General note	Agro-tecnic note	Note agronomique	Agronomic note	Links
233		Var	ENTAV	1973	Languedoc Provence Rhône-Valley	0.46 ha	medium	medium	medium to high	high			medium					representative wines of the variety
234		Drôme	ENTAV	1973	Languedoc Provence Rhône-Valley	2.28 ha	medium to high	medium	medium to high	medium to high			medium		medium to high			representative wines of the variety
244		Aude	INRA	1973	Languedoc Provence Rhône-Valley	2.25 ha	high	high	high	high			medium					representative wines of the variety
245		Non précisée	INRA	1973	Languedoc	0.66 ha		medium to high										representative wines of the variety
247		Aude	INRA	1973	Languedoc Provence Rhône-Valley	0.40 ha	medium	medium to high	high	high			medium					representative wines of the variety
248		Non précisée	INRA	1973	Languedoc	0.37 ha		medium to high										representative wines of the variety
249		Aude	INRA	1973	Languedoc Provence Rhône-Valley	1.86 ha	low to medium	medium	medium				medium to high					representative wines of the variety		clone appreciated for its agronomic characteristics and the quality of the wines obtained
369		Espagne	ENTAV	1975	Languedoc Provence Rhône-Valley	10.70 ha	low to medium	low to medium	low to medium				medium to high	high	medium	medium to high		well-balanced wines, representative of the variety		clone appreciated for its agronomic characteristics and the quality of the wines obtained
448		Non précisée	ENTAV	1976	Languedoc Provence Rhône-Valley	0.34 ha	medium	high	high	low			medium					representative wines of the variety				irregular production
449		Non précisée	ENTAV	1976	Provence	1.20 ha	medium to high	medium to high	medium				medium					balanced wines but that can lack acidity
450		Non précisée	ENTAV	1976	Languedoc Provence Rhône-Valley	0.04 ha	medium	medium to high	high	low			medium					representative wines of the variety
520		Charente	ENTAV	1976	Provence	0.47 ha	high	high	medium				low		high			representative wines of the variety
1069		Espagne	CA 83 - ENTAV	2003	Provence		low to medium	low to medium	low to medium	low			high	high	medium	medium to high		aromatic wines with a good tannic structure		clone less productive and appreciated in tasting
1215		Espagne	CA 83 - IFV	2014	Provence		low to medium	low to medium	low to medium		medium		high		medium		high	balanced rosé wines with high aromatic intensity		clone suitable for the production of rosé wines. Appreciated in tasting (red fruits, floral and sweet notes).

Note

PDF export

Catalogue of grapevines cultivated in France