Meunier

Meunier N

Name of the variety in France Name under which the variety is officially registered in the catalogue of grapevine varieties in France and under which it may be propagated and disseminated.

Name under which the variety is officially registered in the catalogue of grapevine varieties in France and under which it may be propagated and disseminated.

Meunier

Origin

This variety is a mutation of Pinot, particularly focusing on villosity.

Synonyms

Recognised alternative names that may be used to identify the propagation material of the variety in France or in other member countries of the European Union.

In the European Union, Meunier is officially called by other names: Mlynarka (Czech Republic), Müllerrebe (Germany), Pinot Meunier (Belgium, Czech Republic, Spain) and Schwarzriesling (Austria). These synonyms are officially recognized in France regarding plant propagation material.

Legal information This information indicates on which list the variety is registered (A or B), whether it is classified for wine grapes, and in which member countries of the European Union the variety is also officially registered (for more information, see the <a href="/en/reglementation">"Legislation"</a>menu).

This information indicates on which list the variety is registered (A or B), whether it is classified for wine grapes, and in which member countries of the European Union the variety is also officially registered (for more information, see the <a href="/en/reglementation">"Legislation"</a>menu).

In France, Meunier is officially listed in the "Catalogue of vine varieties" on the A list and classified. This variety is also listed in the catalogues of other Member States of the European Union: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Germany, Italy, Netherlands and Spain.

Use

This information indicates the normal and statutory use for the grapes.

Wine grape variety.

Evolution of cultivated areas in France

The figures provided are taken from vineyard land registers (IVCC, ONIVIT, ONIVINS), general agricultural censuses (SCEES-INSEE) and the current computerised vineyard register (DGDDI, FAM).<br>
Regional vine planting data is available on the following site: <a href="https://visionet.franceagrimer.fr/Pages/DonneesInteractivesDocs.aspx?sousmenu=observatoire%20de%20la%20viticulture" target="">visionet</a>.

	1958	1968	1979	1988	1998	2008	2018
ha	5603	7739	10572	11115	10961	10737	12054

Descriptive elements

<p>Only the principal ampelographic elements enabling the varieties to be characterised and identified are provided. They are presented according to the descriptor code recognised by the International Organisation of Vine and Wine (OIV), the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV), the Community Plant Variety Office (OCVV) and Bioversity International (for more information, see the <a href="/en/vocabulaire">"Ampelographic glossary"</a> menu).<br>
The photographs of leaves and grapes were taken in natural conditions, on the vine, in very similar situations in terms of growing conditions (sandy soil, Mediterranean coast):</p>
<ul>
<li>Domaine de l'Espiguette (IFV), Le Grau du Roi (Gard),</li>
<li>Domaine de Vassal (INRAE), Marseillan (Hérault),</li>
<li>La Gaillarde Campus (Institut Agro | Montpellier SupAgro), Montpellier (Hérault).</li>
</ul>
<p>Only a few photographs, including the tips of bunches, were taken in other conditions.</p>

The identification is based on:
- the tip of the young shoot with a very high density of prostrate hairs,
- the green young leaves,
- the shoots with red-striped or red internodes and a medium to high density of prostrate hairs,
- the circular adult leaves, with five lobes, deep lateral sinuses with often a tooth inside, a slightly open petiole sinus, a moderate anthocyanin coloration of veins, on the upper side of the leaf blade, a low to medium density of prostrate hairs, and the lower side of the leaves, a medium density of prostrate hairs,
- the round-shaped or broad ellipsoid berries.

Genetic profile

Microsatellite	VVS2	VVMD5	VVMD7	VVMD27	VRZAG62	VRZAG79	VVMD25	VVMD28	VVMD32
Allel 1	126	225	239	182	188	240	238	216	239
Allel 2	135	236	243	186	194	246	248	235	271

Phenology

<p>The growth stages indicated are the result of obsrvations made at the Domaine de Vassal Estate where the set of these varieties form a collection. The results are indicated compared to the Chasselas vine variety as a reference in order to make comparisons between years and different sites. As such, for information purposes, the dates for the Chasselas B growth stage at Domaine de Vassal are as follows:</p>
<ul>
<li>Bud burst, 21 March (average over 50 years)</li>
<li>Grape maturity, 14 August (average over 50 years)</li>
</ul>

Bud burst: 3 days after Chasselas.
Grape maturity: early-season, half a week after Chasselas.

Suitability for cultivation and agronomic production The data on suitability are the result of field observations or, if none are available, of bibliography mining and the study of bibliographic references.

The data on suitability are the result of field observations or, if none are available, of bibliography mining and the study of bibliographic references.

This variety is rather productive and is resistant to winter frosts. Its fruitfulness is also fairly good following a spring frost. Meunier has a tendency to grow many off shoots and suckers. This variety is well suited for limestone terroirs and is not very sensitive to chlorosis.

Susceptibility to diseases and pests These remarks are also the result of field observations or, if none are available, of bibliography mining and study of bibliographic references.

These remarks are also the result of field observations or, if none are available, of bibliography mining and study of bibliographic references.

Meunier is not very sensitive to phomopsis, powdery mildew and downy mildew. On the other hand, it is susceptible to grape moths and grey rot.

Technological potentiality

<p>The size of grape clusters and berries indicated are based on the following scales:</p>
<table id="potentiel">
<thead>
<tr>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2">Wine grape varieties</td>
<td colspan="2">Table grape varieties</td>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Size</td>
<td>Bunch (g)</td>
<td>Berry (g)</td>
<td>Bunch (g)</td>
<td>Berry (g)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Very small</td>
<td>≤ 100</td>
<td>< 1</td>
<td>< 150</td>
<td>< 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Small</td>
<td>100 - 200</td>
<td>1,5 - 2</td>
<td>150 - 250</td>
<td>2 - 3,5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Moderate</td>
<td>200 - 250</td>
<td>2 - 2,5</td>
<td>250 - 400</td>
<td>3,5 - 5,5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Large</td>
<td>250 - 400</td>
<td>2,5 - 3,5</td>
<td>400 - 700</td>
<td>5,5 - 8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Very large</td>
<td>> 400</td>
<td>> 3,5</td>
<td>> 700</td>
<td>> 8</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Remarks concerning the characteristics of the wines are generally based on tastings organised by juries of professionals.</p>

The bunches are small and the berries very small. This variety is used especially for the production of sparkling wines. It maked moderately acidic wines which evolve quickly.

Clonal selection in France In this section, the list of certified clones is given. Information on clone conservatories is also provided.

The fourteen certified Meunier clones carry the numbers 458, 791, 817, 818, 864, 865, 900, 901, 916, 924, 925, 977, 978 and 983. A conservatory of almost 30 clones was planted in Alsace in 1984. An other conservatory of 94 clones has been planted in the wine-growing region of Champagne since 1995.

Bibliographic references The main bibliographical sources are provided.

- Catalogue des variétés et clones de vigne cultivés en France. Collectif, 2007, Ed. IFV, Le Grau-du-Roi, France.
- Documentary collections of the Centre de Ressources Biologiques de la Vigne de Vassal-Montpellier, INRAE - Institut Agro | Montpellier, Marseillan, France.
- Dictionnaire encyclopédique des cépages et de leurs synonymes. P. Galet, 2015, Ed. Libre&Solidaire, France.
- Traité général de viticulture, Ampélographie. P. Viala and V. Vermorel, 1901-1909, Ed. Masson, Paris, France.

Description of clones certified in France In this section, the list of certified clones is given. Information on clone conservatories is also provided.

		Identity and availability					Agronomic data						Technological data						Autres informations
Clone no.	Marque	Origin	Selection	Year of certification	Agronomic references	Surface area used for propagation (year)	Fertility	Production level	Bunch weight	Vigor	Berry size	Susceptibility to grey rot	Sugar level	Color potential	Titrable acidity	Tannic structure	Aromatic intensity	Oenological suitability	New	General note	Agro-tecnic note	Note agronomique	Agronomic note	Links
458		Marne	ENTAV	1975	Champagne		low to medium	irregular	low				high					typical base wines		frequent reverse mutations that can lead to the disappearance of the "meunier" nature
791		Marne	ENTAV	1984	Champagne	1.05 ha	high	high	high	medium			low					suitable for the production of base wines		earlier clone with more divided leaves
817		Marne	ENTAV	1985	Champagne	1.75 ha	medium	medium	medium	high			medium					suitable for the production of base wines		earlier clone
818		Marne	ENTAV	1985	Champagne	1.26 ha	medium	medium to high	high			medium to high	medium					suitable for the production of base wines		earlier clone
864		Marne	ENTAV	1985	Champagne	0.63 ha	medium	medium	medium				medium					suitable for the production of base wines
865		Marne	ENTAV	1986	Champagne	1.70 ha	high	medium	low				high					suitable for the production of base wines
900		Aisne	ENTAV	1987	Champagne	1.58 ha	medium	medium	medium			medium to high	high					suitable for the production of base wines		possible reverse mutations that could lead to the disappearance of the "meunier" nature
901		Loiret	INRA	1987	Loire-Valley		medium						high					for the production of rosé wines
916		Loiret	INRA	1987	Loire-Valley		medium						high					for the production of rosé wines
924		Marne	ENTAV	1988	Champagne	2.40 ha	medium	medium	medium	medium		medium to high	high					suitable for the production of base wines
925		Aube	INRA	1988	Loire-Valley	0.65 ha	medium	high	high				low					suitable for the production of base wines
977		Marne	ENTAV	1991	Champagne	0.89 ha	high	medium	low	high			high					suitable for the production of base wines		later maturity clone
978		Marne	ENTAV	1991	Champagne	0.88 ha	medium	medium to high	medium				medium					suitable for the production of base wines
983		Marne	ENTAV	1992	Champagne	0.16 ha	high	high	high				low					suitable for the production of base wines		possible reverse mutations that could lead to the disappearance of the "meunier" nature

Note

PDF export

Catalogue of grapevines cultivated in France