Macabeu

Macabeu B

Name of the variety in France Name under which the variety is officially registered in the catalogue of grapevine varieties in France and under which it may be propagated and disseminated.

Name under which the variety is officially registered in the catalogue of grapevine varieties in France and under which it may be propagated and disseminated.

Macabeu

Origin

This variety is originally from Spain, probably from Catalonia. Based on published genetic analyses, Macabeu would be the result of crossbreeding Gibi and Brustiano faux.

Synonyms

Recognised alternative names that may be used to identify the propagation material of the variety in France or in other member countries of the European Union.

In the European Union, Macabeu is officially called by other names: Macabeo (Spain), Maccabeau (Greece) and Viura (Spain). These synonyms are officially recognized in France regarding plant propagation material.

Legal information This information indicates on which list the variety is registered (A or B), whether it is classified for wine grapes, and in which member countries of the European Union the variety is also officially registered (for more information, see the <a href="/en/reglementation">"Legislation"</a>menu).

This information indicates on which list the variety is registered (A or B), whether it is classified for wine grapes, and in which member countries of the European Union the variety is also officially registered (for more information, see the <a href="/en/reglementation">"Legislation"</a>menu).

In France, Macabeu is officially listed in the "Catalogue of vine varieties" on the A list and classified. This variety is also listed in the catalogues of other Member States of the European Union: Greece and Spain.

Use

This information indicates the normal and statutory use for the grapes.

Wine grape variety.

Evolution of cultivated areas in France

The figures provided are taken from vineyard land registers (IVCC, ONIVIT, ONIVINS), general agricultural censuses (SCEES-INSEE) and the current computerised vineyard register (DGDDI, FAM).<br>
Regional vine planting data is available on the following site: <a href="https://visionet.franceagrimer.fr/Pages/DonneesInteractivesDocs.aspx?sousmenu=observatoire%20de%20la%20viticulture" target="">visionet</a>.

	1958	1968	1979	1988	1998	2008	2018
ha	4429	5975	7077	7621	5771	3536	1636

Descriptive elements

<p>Only the principal ampelographic elements enabling the varieties to be characterised and identified are provided. They are presented according to the descriptor code recognised by the International Organisation of Vine and Wine (OIV), the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV), the Community Plant Variety Office (OCVV) and Bioversity International (for more information, see the <a href="/en/vocabulaire">"Ampelographic glossary"</a> menu).<br>
The photographs of leaves and grapes were taken in natural conditions, on the vine, in very similar situations in terms of growing conditions (sandy soil, Mediterranean coast):</p>
<ul>
<li>Domaine de l'Espiguette (IFV), Le Grau du Roi (Gard),</li>
<li>Domaine de Vassal (INRAE), Marseillan (Hérault),</li>
<li>La Gaillarde Campus (Institut Agro | Montpellier SupAgro), Montpellier (Hérault).</li>
</ul>
<p>Only a few photographs, including the tips of bunches, were taken in other conditions.</p>

The identification is based on:
- the tip of the young shoot with a very high density of prostrate hairs,
- the shoots with internodes which are often flattened and fasciated,
- the large light green adult leaves with five lobes, a slightly open or closed petiole sinus, no anthocyanin coloration of veins, a shiny involute on the edges leaf blade, and on the lower side of the leaves, a high density of prostrate hairs,
- the round-shaped berries.

Genetic profile

Microsatellite	VVS2	VVMD5	VVMD7	VVMD27	VRZAG62	VRZAG79	VVMD25	VVMD28	VVMD32
Allel 1	131	232	239	186	188	244	238	235	249
Allel 2	143	234	239	191	188	258	240	257	255

Phenology

<p>The growth stages indicated are the result of obsrvations made at the Domaine de Vassal Estate where the set of these varieties form a collection. The results are indicated compared to the Chasselas vine variety as a reference in order to make comparisons between years and different sites. As such, for information purposes, the dates for the Chasselas B growth stage at Domaine de Vassal are as follows:</p>
<ul>
<li>Bud burst, 21 March (average over 50 years)</li>
<li>Grape maturity, 14 August (average over 50 years)</li>
</ul>

Bud burst: 9 days after Chasselas.
Grape maturity: late-season, 4 weeks after Chasselas.

Suitability for cultivation and agronomic production The data on suitability are the result of field observations or, if none are available, of bibliography mining and the study of bibliographic references.

The data on suitability are the result of field observations or, if none are available, of bibliography mining and the study of bibliographic references.

Macabeu is a productive, vigorous variety with an erect bearing and must be pruned short. It is sensitive to the wind. Planting in cool and humid areas, along with too dry soil should be avoided as the variety can be subject to apoplexy and early leaf drop.

Susceptibility to diseases and pests These remarks are also the result of field observations or, if none are available, of bibliography mining and study of bibliographic references.

These remarks are also the result of field observations or, if none are available, of bibliography mining and study of bibliographic references.

Macabeu is rather sensitive to mites, grey rot and bacterial necrosis.

Technological potentiality

<p>The size of grape clusters and berries indicated are based on the following scales:</p>
<table id="potentiel">
<thead>
<tr>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2">Wine grape varieties</td>
<td colspan="2">Table grape varieties</td>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Size</td>
<td>Bunch (g)</td>
<td>Berry (g)</td>
<td>Bunch (g)</td>
<td>Berry (g)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Very small</td>
<td>≤ 100</td>
<td>< 1</td>
<td>< 150</td>
<td>< 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Small</td>
<td>100 - 200</td>
<td>1,5 - 2</td>
<td>150 - 250</td>
<td>2 - 3,5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Moderate</td>
<td>200 - 250</td>
<td>2 - 2,5</td>
<td>250 - 400</td>
<td>3,5 - 5,5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Large</td>
<td>250 - 400</td>
<td>2,5 - 3,5</td>
<td>400 - 700</td>
<td>5,5 - 8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Very large</td>
<td>> 400</td>
<td>> 3,5</td>
<td>> 700</td>
<td>> 8</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Remarks concerning the characteristics of the wines are generally based on tastings organised by juries of professionals.</p>

The bunches are very large and the berries medium to large in size. Depending on growing conditions, Macabeu can be used to produce sparkling wines, sweet wines or dry white wine. The dry white wines and sparkling wines are light, pleasant but are often lacking acidity and a bit of finesse. The aromas (sometimes with fennel notes) are also not very intense.

Clonal selection in France In this section, the list of certified clones is given. Information on clone conservatories is also provided.

The ten certified Macabeu clones carry the numbers 630, 631, 632, 633, 706, 735, 736, 737, 789 and 1025. A conservatory of sixty or so clones was planted in the French department of Pyrénées-Orientales between 1979 and 1980. An other conservatory of 60 clones was planted in the French department of Aude in 2010.

Bibliographic references The main bibliographical sources are provided.

- Catalogue des variétés et clones de vigne cultivés en France. Collectif, 2007, Ed. IFV, Le Grau-du-Roi, France.
- Documentary collections of the Centre de Ressources Biologiques de la Vigne de Vassal-Montpellier, INRAE - Montpellier SupAgro, Marseillan, France.
- Dictionnaire encyclopédique des cépages et de leurs synonymes. P. Galet, 2015, Ed. Libre&Solidaire, France.
- Traité général de viticulture, Ampélographie. P. Viala and V. Vermorel, 1901-1909, Ed. Masson, Paris, France.

Description of clones certified in France In this section, the list of certified clones is given. Information on clone conservatories is also provided.

		Identity and availability					Agronomic data						Technological data						Autres informations
Clone no.	Marque	Origin	Selection	Year of certification	Agronomic references	Surface area used for propagation (year)	Fertility	Production level	Bunch weight	Vigor	Berry size	Susceptibility to grey rot	Sugar level	Color potential	Titrable acidity	Tannic structure	Aromatic intensity	Oenological suitability	New	General note	Agro-tecnic note	Note agronomique	Agronomic note	Links
630		Pyrénées-Orientales	ENTAV	1979	Roussillon	0.73 ha	medium	medium	medium				medium to high		medium to high			representative wines of the variety
631		Pyrénées-Orientales	ENTAV	1979	Roussillon	0.73 ha	low	low to medium	medium				medium					representative wines of the variety
632		Pyrénées-Orientales	ENTAV	1979	Roussillon	0.15 ha	medium	medium	medium				irregular					representative wines of the variety
633		Pyrénées-Orientales	ENTAV	1979	Roussillon	0.19 ha	medium to high	medium	medium				high					representative wines of the variety
706		Pyrénées-Orientales	ENTAV	1980	Roussillon	0.26 ha			medium				low to medium					representative wines of the variety
735		Pyrénées-Orientales	INRA	1981	Aude Roussillon	0.53 ha	medium	medium	medium				medium to high					representative wines of the variety
736		Pyrénées-Orientales	INRA	1981	Aude Roussillon	0.18 ha	medium	medium	medium				medium					representative wines of the variety
737		Pyrénées-Orientales	INRA	1981	Aude Roussillon		medium	medium	medium				medium					representative wines of the variety
789		Pyrénées-Orientales	ENTAV	1984	Roussillon	0.45 ha	medium to high	high	high				low					representative wines of the variety
1025		Pyrénées-Orientales	ENTAV	1995	Roussillon		medium	medium	medium				medium		medium			representative wines of the variety

Note

PDF export

Catalogue of grapevines cultivated in France