Fer

Fer N

Name of the variety in France Name under which the variety is officially registered in the catalogue of grapevine varieties in France and under which it may be propagated and disseminated.

Name under which the variety is officially registered in the catalogue of grapevine varieties in France and under which it may be propagated and disseminated.

Fer

Origin

This variety from the south west of France could originally be from the Gironde.

Synonyms

Recognised alternative names that may be used to identify the propagation material of the variety in France or in other member countries of the European Union.

In France, this variety can officially be called "Braucol", "Fer servadou", "Mansois" or "Pinenc" regarding plant propagation material.

Legal information This information indicates on which list the variety is registered (A or B), whether it is classified for wine grapes, and in which member countries of the European Union the variety is also officially registered (for more information, see the <a href="/en/reglementation">"Legislation"</a>menu).

This information indicates on which list the variety is registered (A or B), whether it is classified for wine grapes, and in which member countries of the European Union the variety is also officially registered (for more information, see the <a href="/en/reglementation">"Legislation"</a>menu).

In France, Fer is officially listed in the "Catalogue of vine varieties" on the A list and classified.

Use

This information indicates the normal and statutory use for the grapes.

Wine grape variety.

Evolution of cultivated areas in France

The figures provided are taken from vineyard land registers (IVCC, ONIVIT, ONIVINS), general agricultural censuses (SCEES-INSEE) and the current computerised vineyard register (DGDDI, FAM).<br>
Regional vine planting data is available on the following site: <a href="https://visionet.franceagrimer.fr/Pages/DonneesInteractivesDocs.aspx?sousmenu=observatoire%20de%20la%20viticulture" target="">visionet</a>.

	1958	1968	1979	1988	1998	2008	2018
ha	952	978	319	494	1248	1679	1584

Descriptive elements

<p>Only the principal ampelographic elements enabling the varieties to be characterised and identified are provided. They are presented according to the descriptor code recognised by the International Organisation of Vine and Wine (OIV), the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV), the Community Plant Variety Office (OCVV) and Bioversity International (for more information, see the <a href="/en/vocabulaire">"Ampelographic glossary"</a> menu).<br>
The photographs of leaves and grapes were taken in natural conditions, on the vine, in very similar situations in terms of growing conditions (sandy soil, Mediterranean coast):</p>
<ul>
<li>Domaine de l'Espiguette (IFV), Le Grau du Roi (Gard),</li>
<li>Domaine de Vassal (INRAE), Marseillan (Hérault),</li>
<li>La Gaillarde Campus (Institut Agro | Montpellier SupAgro), Montpellier (Hérault).</li>
</ul>
<p>Only a few photographs, including the tips of bunches, were taken in other conditions.</p>

The identification is based on:
- the green young leaves with bronze spots,
- the small or medium adult leaves, with five lobes, shallow lateral sinuses, a slightly open petiole sinus, short teeth, no anthocynanin coloration of veins, a twisted leaf blade, and on the lower side of the leaves, a low density of erect and prostrate hairs,
- the round-shaped berries, with a herbaceous flavor.

Genetic profile

Microsatellite	VVS2	VVMD5	VVMD7	VVMD27	VRZAG62	VRZAG79	VVMD25	VVMD28	VVMD32
Allel 1	137	223	239	182	188	246	238	227	239
Allel 2	149	236	249	186	200	252	248	247	271

Phenology

<p>The growth stages indicated are the result of obsrvations made at the Domaine de Vassal Estate where the set of these varieties form a collection. The results are indicated compared to the Chasselas vine variety as a reference in order to make comparisons between years and different sites. As such, for information purposes, the dates for the Chasselas B growth stage at Domaine de Vassal are as follows:</p>
<ul>
<li>Bud burst, 21 March (average over 50 years)</li>
<li>Grape maturity, 14 August (average over 50 years)</li>
</ul>

Bud burst: 6 days after Chasselas.
Grape maturity: mid-season, 3 weeks and a half after Chasselas.

Suitability for cultivation and agronomic production The data on suitability are the result of field observations or, if none are available, of bibliography mining and the study of bibliographic references.

The data on suitability are the result of field observations or, if none are available, of bibliography mining and the study of bibliographic references.

This variety can be irregularly fertile and must be pruned long. Frequently a substantial part of the buds do not burst. The clusters keep well on the vine trunk and have peduncle which lignifies.

Susceptibility to diseases and pests These remarks are also the result of field observations or, if none are available, of bibliography mining and study of bibliographic references.

These remarks are also the result of field observations or, if none are available, of bibliography mining and study of bibliographic references.

Fer usually has a good resistance to grey rot. This variety is also not very sensitive to downy mildew, but is it is susceptible to vine leafhoppers.

Technological potentiality

<p>The size of grape clusters and berries indicated are based on the following scales:</p>
<table id="potentiel">
<thead>
<tr>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2">Wine grape varieties</td>
<td colspan="2">Table grape varieties</td>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Size</td>
<td>Bunch (g)</td>
<td>Berry (g)</td>
<td>Bunch (g)</td>
<td>Berry (g)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Very small</td>
<td>≤ 100</td>
<td>< 1</td>
<td>< 150</td>
<td>< 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Small</td>
<td>100 - 200</td>
<td>1,5 - 2</td>
<td>150 - 250</td>
<td>2 - 3,5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Moderate</td>
<td>200 - 250</td>
<td>2 - 2,5</td>
<td>250 - 400</td>
<td>3,5 - 5,5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Large</td>
<td>250 - 400</td>
<td>2,5 - 3,5</td>
<td>400 - 700</td>
<td>5,5 - 8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Very large</td>
<td>> 400</td>
<td>> 3,5</td>
<td>> 700</td>
<td>> 8</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Remarks concerning the characteristics of the wines are generally based on tastings organised by juries of professionals.</p>

The bunches are medium in size and compact while the berries are small to medium in size. Fer produces lively wines, moderately colored but rather tannic and rustic with typical (wild) aromas. When the grapes have reached maturity, if the yields are managed, Fer's aromas are fruity (blackcurrant, red berries).

Clonal selection in France In this section, the list of certified clones is given. Information on clone conservatories is also provided.

The ten certified Fer clones carry the numbers 420, 421, 556, 557, 628, 670, 671, 672, 895 and 1347.

Two conservatories with a total of 120 clones are planted in the win-growing region of Gaillac (French department of Tarn) and in the French department of Aveyron.

Bibliographic references The main bibliographical sources are provided.

- Catalogue des variétés et clones de vigne cultivés en France. Collectif, 2007, Ed. IFV, Le Grau-du-Roi, France.
- Documentary collections of the Centre de Ressources Biologiques de la Vigne de Vassal-Montpellier, INRAE - Institut Agro | Montpellier, Marseillan, France.
- Dictionnaire encyclopédique des cépages et de leurs synonymes. P. Galet, 2015, Ed. Libre&Solidaire, France.
- Traité général de viticulture, Ampélographie. P. Viala and V. Vermorel, 1901-1909, Ed. Masson, Paris, France.

Description of clones certified in France In this section, the list of certified clones is given. Information on clone conservatories is also provided.

		Identity and availability					Agronomic data						Technological data						Autres informations
Clone no.	Marque	Origin	Selection	Year of certification	Agronomic references	Surface area used for propagation (year)	Fertility	Production level	Bunch weight	Vigor	Berry size	Susceptibility to grey rot	Sugar level	Color potential	Titrable acidity	Tannic structure	Aromatic intensity	Oenological suitability	New	General note	Agro-tecnic note	Note agronomique	Agronomic note	Links
420		Gers	ENTAV	1975	Pyrénées-Atlantiques Tarn	1.42 ha	low to medium	low to medium	medium			medium to high	medium	medium	medium	medium		fine and aromatic wines		steady production. Clone appreciated for its agronomic characteristics and the quality of the wines obtained.
421		Gers	ENTAV	1975	Pyrénées-Atlantiques Tarn	0.55 ha	medium	low to medium	low to medium			medium	medium to high	medium	medium	medium		representative wines of the variety
556		Gers	ENTAV	1977	Pyrénées-Atlantiques Tarn	1.40 ha	medium	medium	low to medium			medium	medium to high	medium to high	medium	medium to high		representative wines of the variety
557		Aveyron	ENTAV	1977	Pyrénées-Atlantiques Tarn	1.04 ha	medium	medium	medium			medium to high	medium	medium	medium	medium		fine and aromatic wines		clone appreciated for its agronomic characteristics and the quality of the wines obtained
628		Pyrénées-Atlantiques	ENTAV	1979	Gers Pyrénées-Atlantiques	0.55 ha	medium	medium to high	medium to high			medium to high	low to medium	medium	medium	medium		representative wines of the variety
670		Gers	ENTAV	1979	Tarn		low to medium	low to medium	medium			medium	medium	medium	medium	medium		representative wines of the variety
671		Aveyron	ENTAV	1979	Gers Pyrénées-Atlantiques Tarn		medium	medium to high	medium to high			medium	low	medium	high	medium		representative wines of the variety		Irregular production, later maturity clone than the other Fer clones
672		Tarn	ENTAV	1979	Gers Tarn	0.44 ha	low to medium	medium	medium			medium	medium	medium	medium	medium		representative wines of the variety
895		Pyrénées-Atlantiques	ENTAV	1987	Pyrénées-Atlantiques	1.15 ha	medium	medium	low to medium			low to medium	medium	medium	medium	medium		representative wines of the variety		later maturity clone than the other Fer clones
1347		Gers	Union Plaimont - IFV	2020	Gers		medium to low	medium to low	low to medium	medium to high			medium to high	medium to high	medium	medium		wines appreciated for their aromatic intensity as well as their concentration and length in mouth		clone regularly less productive than the others with bunches both smaller and less numerous

Note

PDF export

Catalogue of grapevines cultivated in France