Cot

Cot N

Name of the variety in France Name under which the variety is officially registered in the catalogue of grapevine varieties in France and under which it may be propagated and disseminated.

Name under which the variety is officially registered in the catalogue of grapevine varieties in France and under which it may be propagated and disseminated.

Cot

Origin

This variety is originally from the south west of France. Based on genetic analysis carried out in Montpellier, it would be the result of the crossbreeding between Magdeleine noire des Charentes and Prunelard.

Synonyms

Recognised alternative names that may be used to identify the propagation material of the variety in France or in other member countries of the European Union.

In France, this variety can officially be called "Malbec" regarding plant propogating material. In the European Union, Cot is officially called by other names: Malbec (Spain, Czech Republic), Malbech (Italy) and Malbek (Austria).

Legal information This information indicates on which list the variety is registered (A or B), whether it is classified for wine grapes, and in which member countries of the European Union the variety is also officially registered (for more information, see the <a href="/en/reglementation">"Legislation"</a>menu).

This information indicates on which list the variety is registered (A or B), whether it is classified for wine grapes, and in which member countries of the European Union the variety is also officially registered (for more information, see the <a href="/en/reglementation">"Legislation"</a>menu).

In France, Cot is officially listed in the "Catalogue of vine varieties" on the A list and classified. This variety is also listed in the catalogues of other Member States of the European Union: Austria, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Italy and Spain.

Use

This information indicates the normal and statutory use for the grapes.

Wine grape variety.

Evolution of cultivated areas in France

The figures provided are taken from vineyard land registers (IVCC, ONIVIT, ONIVINS), general agricultural censuses (SCEES-INSEE) and the current computerised vineyard register (DGDDI, FAM).<br>
Regional vine planting data is available on the following site: <a href="https://visionet.franceagrimer.fr/Pages/DonneesInteractivesDocs.aspx?sousmenu=observatoire%20de%20la%20viticulture" target="">visionet</a>.

	1958	1968	1979	1988	2000	2008	2018
ha	10752	9765	4801	5279	6166	6676	7625

Descriptive elements

<p>Only the principal ampelographic elements enabling the varieties to be characterised and identified are provided. They are presented according to the descriptor code recognised by the International Organisation of Vine and Wine (OIV), the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV), the Community Plant Variety Office (OCVV) and Bioversity International (for more information, see the <a href="/en/vocabulaire">"Ampelographic glossary"</a> menu).<br>
The photographs of leaves and grapes were taken in natural conditions, on the vine, in very similar situations in terms of growing conditions (sandy soil, Mediterranean coast):</p>
<ul>
<li>Domaine de l'Espiguette (IFV), Le Grau du Roi (Gard),</li>
<li>Domaine de Vassal (INRAE), Marseillan (Hérault),</li>
<li>La Gaillarde Campus (Institut Agro | Montpellier SupAgro), Montpellier (Hérault).</li>
</ul>
<p>Only a few photographs, including the tips of bunches, were taken in other conditions.</p>

The identification is based on:
- the tip of the young shoot, with a high density of prostrate hairs,
- the green young leaves with bronze spots,
- the adult leaves, entire or with three lobes, with a U or V-shaped open petiole sinus, small teeth, long compared to their width at the base with straight sides, a revolute leaf blade, undulate between the veins near the petiole sinus, and on the lower side of the leaves, a low to medium density of prostrate hairs,
- the round-shaped berries

Genetic profile

Microsatellite	VVS2	VVMD5	VVMD7	VVMD27	VRZAG62	VRZAG79	VVMD25	VVMD28	VVMD32
Allel 1	131	225	239	186	188	246	238	233	239
Allel 2	149	236	262	188	202	260	248	267	251

Phenology

<p>The growth stages indicated are the result of obsrvations made at the Domaine de Vassal Estate where the set of these varieties form a collection. The results are indicated compared to the Chasselas vine variety as a reference in order to make comparisons between years and different sites. As such, for information purposes, the dates for the Chasselas B growth stage at Domaine de Vassal are as follows:</p>
<ul>
<li>Bud burst, 21 March (average over 50 years)</li>
<li>Grape maturity, 14 August (average over 50 years)</li>
</ul>

Bud burst: 4 days after Chasselas.
Grape maturity: mid-season, 2 weeks and a half after Chasselas

Suitability for cultivation and agronomic production The data on suitability are the result of field observations or, if none are available, of bibliography mining and the study of bibliographic references.

The data on suitability are the result of field observations or, if none are available, of bibliography mining and the study of bibliographic references.

This vigorous variety is sensitive to coulure, but clonal selection has greatly reduced this defect. Plant vigor should be managed by high density plantations and by using low-productive rootstock. This variety is fairly sensitive to winter frosts during the first years after plantation. Following spring frosts, the shoots from secondary buds are not very fertile. At maturity, there is sometimes the risk of berry shedding.

Susceptibility to diseases and pests These remarks are also the result of field observations or, if none are available, of bibliography mining and study of bibliographic references.

These remarks are also the result of field observations or, if none are available, of bibliography mining and study of bibliographic references.

Cot does not seem particularly sensitive to fungal diseases except perhaps to phomopsis. It is also senstive to vine leafhoppers.

Technological potentiality

<p>The size of grape clusters and berries indicated are based on the following scales:</p>
<table id="potentiel">
<thead>
<tr>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2">Wine grape varieties</td>
<td colspan="2">Table grape varieties</td>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Size</td>
<td>Bunch (g)</td>
<td>Berry (g)</td>
<td>Bunch (g)</td>
<td>Berry (g)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Very small</td>
<td>≤ 100</td>
<td>< 1</td>
<td>< 150</td>
<td>< 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Small</td>
<td>100 - 200</td>
<td>1,5 - 2</td>
<td>150 - 250</td>
<td>2 - 3,5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Moderate</td>
<td>200 - 250</td>
<td>2 - 2,5</td>
<td>250 - 400</td>
<td>3,5 - 5,5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Large</td>
<td>250 - 400</td>
<td>2,5 - 3,5</td>
<td>400 - 700</td>
<td>5,5 - 8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Very large</td>
<td>> 400</td>
<td>> 3,5</td>
<td>> 700</td>
<td>> 8</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Remarks concerning the characteristics of the wines are generally based on tastings organised by juries of professionals.</p>

The bunches and berries are medium in size. With a well-managed production, this early variety can produce quite colored, aromatic and tannic wines with good ageing capacity. Rosé wine-making also gives good results. Generally speaking, sufficient maturity of grapes must be reached to avoid herbaceous and vegetal aromas of Cot to be too present, which can sometimes be hard and bitter.

Clonal selection in France In this section, the list of certified clones is given. Information on clone conservatories is also provided.

The nineteen certified Cot clones carry the numbers 42, 46, 180, 279, 353, 419, 592, 593, 594, 595, 596, 597, 598, 1061, 1127, 1128, 1288, 1289 and 1342. Two conservatories of approximately 220 clones were planted in the French department of Lot in 1993 and in 2003. An other conservatory of thirty or so clones was planted in the French department of Gironde between 2011 and 2012.

Bibliographic references The main bibliographical sources are provided.

- Catalogue des variétés et clones de vigne cultivés en France. Collectif, 2007, Ed. IFV, Le Grau-du-Roi, France.
- Documentary collections of the Centre de Ressources Biologiques de la Vigne de Vassal-Montpellier, INRAE - Institut Agro | Montpellier, Marseillan, France.
- Dictionnaire encyclopédique des cépages et de leurs synonymes. P. Galet, 2015, Ed. Libre&Solidaire, France.
- Traité général de viticulture, Ampélographie. P. Viala and V. Vermorel, 1901-1909, Ed. Masson, Paris, France.

Description of clones certified in France In this section, the list of certified clones is given. Information on clone conservatories is also provided.

		Identity and availability					Agronomic data						Technological data						Autres informations
Clone no.	Marque	Origin	Selection	Year of certification	Agronomic references	Surface area used for propagation (year)	Fertility	Production level	Bunch weight	Vigor	Berry size	Susceptibility to grey rot	Sugar level	Color potential	Titrable acidity	Tannic structure	Aromatic intensity	Oenological suitability	New	General note	Agro-tecnic note	Note agronomique	Agronomic note	Links
42		Lot	ENTAV	1971	Sud-Ouest	0.54 ha	medium	medium	medium				medium					representative wines of the variety		clone sometimes a little irregular
46		Lot	ENTAV	1971	Sud-Ouest	0.96 ha	high	medium to high	medium				medium to high					representative wines of the variety
180		Gironde	ENTAV	1973	Bordelais Sud-Ouest	1.59 ha	low	low to medium	medium				medium	medium	medium	medium		representative wines of the variety		clone appreciated for its agronomic characteristics
279		Gironde	ENTAV	1973	Gironde																Clone not widely distributed.
353		Gironde	ENTAV	1975	Gironde																Clone not widely distributed.
419		Gironde	ENTAV	1976	Gironde																Clone not widely distributed.
592		Gironde	INRA	1978																	Clone not widely distributed.
593		Gironde	INRA	1978																	Clone not widely distributed.
594		Lot	ENTAV	1978	Sud-Ouest	2.38 ha	medium	medium	medium				medium to high	medium to high		medium		representative wines of the variety		clone appreciated for its agronomic characteristics and the quality of the wines obtained
595		Lot	ENTAV	1978	Sud-Ouest	4.29 ha	medium	medium	medium				medium to high	medium to high		medium to high		typical, fine and harmonious wines		clone appreciated for its agronomic characteristics and the quality of the wines obtained
596		Lot	ENTAV	1978	Sud-Ouest	3.19 ha	medium	medium	medium				medium to high	medium to high		medium		representative wines of the variety		clone appreciated for its agronomic characteristics and the quality of the wines obtained
597		Gironde	INRA	1978																	Clone not widely distributed.
598		Lot	ENTAV	1978	Sud-Ouest	4.66 ha	medium	medium	medium				medium to high	medium to high		medium		representative wines of the variety		clone appreciated for its agronomic characteristics and the quality of the wines obtained
1061		Gironde	CA 33 - ENTAV	2001	Bordelais		medium	low to medium	low				medium to high	medium to high	medium	medium		structured wines		clone appreciated for its agronomic characteristics and the quality of the wines obtained				En savoir plus
1127		Lot	CA 46 - IFV	2009	Sud-Ouest		medium	low to medium	low		medium		high	high	medium	high	high	supple, fruity, balanced and colored wines		Moderate level of production and wines appreciated for their organoleptic characteristics.
1128		Lot	CA 46 - IFV	2009	Sud-Ouest		low	low	low		medium		high	high	low to medium	high	high	typical, structured and colored wines that last in the mouth		Moderate level of production and wines appreciated for their organoleptic characteristics.
1288		Argentine	Pépinières Mercier - IFV	2018
1289		Gironde	Pépinières Mercier - IFV	2018
1342		Lot	CA 46 - IFV	2020	Sud-Ouest		medium	low to medium	low		medium		high	high	medium	medium to high		fine wines, round, with coated tannins, aromas of persistent fruit, good balance in mouth		Moderate level of production and wines appreciated for their organoleptic characteristics.

Note

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Catalogue of grapevines cultivated in France