Clairette

Clairette B

Name of the variety in France Name under which the variety is officially registered in the catalogue of grapevine varieties in France and under which it may be propagated and disseminated.

Name under which the variety is officially registered in the catalogue of grapevine varieties in France and under which it may be propagated and disseminated.

Clairette

Origin

This variety is originally from Provence.

Synonyms

Recognised alternative names that may be used to identify the propagation material of the variety in France or in other member countries of the European Union.

There is no officially recognized synonym in France nor in the other countries of the European Union, for this variety.

Legal information This information indicates on which list the variety is registered (A or B), whether it is classified for wine grapes, and in which member countries of the European Union the variety is also officially registered (for more information, see the <a href="/en/reglementation">"Legislation"</a>menu).

This information indicates on which list the variety is registered (A or B), whether it is classified for wine grapes, and in which member countries of the European Union the variety is also officially registered (for more information, see the <a href="/en/reglementation">"Legislation"</a>menu).

In France, Clairette is officially listed in the "Catalogue of vine varieties" on the A list and classified. This variety is alsoy listed in the catalogues of other Member States of the European Union: Cyprus and Italy.

Use

This information indicates the normal and statutory use for the grapes.

Wine, table and spirits grape variety.

Evolution of cultivated areas in France

The figures provided are taken from vineyard land registers (IVCC, ONIVIT, ONIVINS), general agricultural censuses (SCEES-INSEE) and the current computerised vineyard register (DGDDI, FAM).<br>
Regional vine planting data is available on the following site: <a href="https://visionet.franceagrimer.fr/Pages/DonneesInteractivesDocs.aspx?sousmenu=observatoire%20de%20la%20viticulture" target="">visionet</a>.

	1958	1968	1979	1988	1998	2008	2018
ha	14099	12544	5331	3898	3157	2564	2115

Descriptive elements

<p>Only the principal ampelographic elements enabling the varieties to be characterised and identified are provided. They are presented according to the descriptor code recognised by the International Organisation of Vine and Wine (OIV), the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV), the Community Plant Variety Office (OCVV) and Bioversity International (for more information, see the <a href="/en/vocabulaire">"Ampelographic glossary"</a> menu).<br>
The photographs of leaves and grapes were taken in natural conditions, on the vine, in very similar situations in terms of growing conditions (sandy soil, Mediterranean coast):</p>
<ul>
<li>Domaine de l'Espiguette (IFV), Le Grau du Roi (Gard),</li>
<li>Domaine de Vassal (INRAE), Marseillan (Hérault),</li>
<li>La Gaillarde Campus (Institut Agro | Montpellier SupAgro), Montpellier (Hérault).</li>
</ul>
<p>Only a few photographs, including the tips of bunches, were taken in other conditions.</p>

The identification is based on:
- the tip of the young shoot with a very high density of prostrate hairs,
- the yellow young leaves,
- the circular adult leaves, with five lobes, deep lateral sinuses, a closed petiole sinus with very overlapping lobes, teeth with straight sides, low to medium anthocyanin coloration of veins, a slightly goffered leaf blade, undulate between the veins near the petiole sinus, and on the lower side of the leaves, a high density of prostrate hairs,
- the ellipsoid berries.

Genetic profile

Microsatellite	VVS2	VVMD5	VVMD7	VVMD27	VRZAG62	VRZAG79	VVMD25	VVMD28	VVMD32
Allel 1	135	223	239	176	186	252	240	227	255
Allel 2	149	229	249	188	204	252	262	257	261

Phenology

<p>The growth stages indicated are the result of obsrvations made at the Domaine de Vassal Estate where the set of these varieties form a collection. The results are indicated compared to the Chasselas vine variety as a reference in order to make comparisons between years and different sites. As such, for information purposes, the dates for the Chasselas B growth stage at Domaine de Vassal are as follows:</p>
<ul>
<li>Bud burst, 21 March (average over 50 years)</li>
<li>Grape maturity, 14 August (average over 50 years)</li>
</ul>

Bud burst: 8 days after Chasselas.
Grape maturity: late-season, 4 weeks after Chasselas.

Suitability for cultivation and agronomic production The data on suitability are the result of field observations or, if none are available, of bibliography mining and the study of bibliographic references.

The data on suitability are the result of field observations or, if none are available, of bibliography mining and the study of bibliographic references.

Clairette is a vigorous grape variety, which must be pruned short. Better yields are achieved on limestone, not fertile, lean and dry soils. Careful disbudding is needed. It has a semi-erect bearing and its shoots are a little susceptible to wind. At maturity, the peducunle of bunches lignifies.

Susceptibility to diseases and pests These remarks are also the result of field observations or, if none are available, of bibliography mining and study of bibliographic references.

These remarks are also the result of field observations or, if none are available, of bibliography mining and study of bibliographic references.

This variety is susceptible to grape moths and mites. On the other hand, Clairette is relatively less sensitive to powdery mildew and grey rot.

Technological potentiality

<p>The size of grape clusters and berries indicated are based on the following scales:</p>
<table id="potentiel">
<thead>
<tr>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2">Wine grape varieties</td>
<td colspan="2">Table grape varieties</td>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Size</td>
<td>Bunch (g)</td>
<td>Berry (g)</td>
<td>Bunch (g)</td>
<td>Berry (g)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Very small</td>
<td>≤ 100</td>
<td>< 1</td>
<td>< 150</td>
<td>< 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Small</td>
<td>100 - 200</td>
<td>1,5 - 2</td>
<td>150 - 250</td>
<td>2 - 3,5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Moderate</td>
<td>200 - 250</td>
<td>2 - 2,5</td>
<td>250 - 400</td>
<td>3,5 - 5,5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Large</td>
<td>250 - 400</td>
<td>2,5 - 3,5</td>
<td>400 - 700</td>
<td>5,5 - 8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Very large</td>
<td>> 400</td>
<td>> 3,5</td>
<td>> 700</td>
<td>> 8</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Remarks concerning the characteristics of the wines are generally based on tastings organised by juries of professionals.</p>

The bunches and berries are medium in size. Clairette gives fairly alcoholic wines (and sometimes sweet with raisining or over-maturation), relatively low in acidity, with noticeable aromas (apple) and sometimes presenting a light harshness or bitterness on the finish. This variety can also be used to make sparkling wine.

Clonal selection in France In this section, the list of certified clones is given. Information on clone conservatories is also provided.

The ten certified Clairette clones carry the numbers 68, 69, 93, 94, 97, 98, 175, 207, 208 and 209. A conservatory of more than 130 clones was planted in spring 2007, in the wine-growing region of Bellegarde (French departement of Gard).

Bibliographic references The main bibliographical sources are provided.

- Catalogue des variétés et clones de vigne cultivés en France. Collectif, 2007, Ed. IFV, Le Grau-du-Roi, France.
- Documentary collections of the Centre de Ressources Biologiques de la Vigne de Vassal-Montpellier, INRAE - Institut Agro | Montpellier, Marseillan, France.
- Dictionnaire encyclopédique des cépages et de leurs synonymes. P. Galet, 2015, Ed. Libre&Solidaire, France.
- Traité général de viticulture, Ampélographie. P. Viala and V. Vermorel, 1901-1909, Ed. Masson, Paris, France.

Description of clones certified in France In this section, the list of certified clones is given. Information on clone conservatories is also provided.

		Identity and availability					Agronomic data						Technological data						Autres informations
Clone no.	Marque	Origin	Selection	Year of certification	Agronomic references	Surface area used for propagation (year)	Fertility	Production level	Bunch weight	Vigor	Berry size	Susceptibility to grey rot	Sugar level	Color potential	Titrable acidity	Tannic structure	Aromatic intensity	Oenological suitability	New	General note	Agro-tecnic note	Note agronomique	Agronomic note	Links
68		Gard	ENTAV	1971	Languedoc Rhône-Valley	2.08 ha	high	medium	low				high					representative wines of the variety
69		Gard	ENTAV	1971	Languedoc Rhône-Valley	2.18 ha	medium	medium	low to medium				medium					representative wines of the variety
93		Gard	ENTAV	1971	Languedoc Rhône-Valley	0.26 ha	low	medium	high				medium					representative wines of the variety
94		Gard	ENTAV	1971	Languedoc Rhône-Valley		low	low to medium	medium				medium					representative wines of the variety
97		Gard	ENTAV	1971	Languedoc Rhône-Valley		medium to high	high	high				medium					representative wines of the variety
98		Gard	ENTAV	1971	Languedoc Rhône-Valley	0.45 ha	high	medium to high	medium				medium					representative wines of the variety
175		Gard	ENTAV	1972	Languedoc Rhône-Valley	0.10 ha	high	medium to high	medium				medium to high		medium to high			representative wines of the variety
207		Gard	ENTAV	1973	Languedoc Rhône-Valley		high	medium to high	medium				medium					representative wines of the variety
208		Gard	ENTAV	1973	Languedoc Rhône-Valley	0.22 ha	low	low to medium	medium				high					representative wines of the variety
209		Gard	ENTAV	1973	Languedoc Rhône-Valley		medium	medium	medium				medium					representative wines of the variety

Note

PDF export

Catalogue of grapevines cultivated in France