Carignan

Carignan N

Name of the variety in France Name under which the variety is officially registered in the catalogue of grapevine varieties in France and under which it may be propagated and disseminated.

Name under which the variety is officially registered in the catalogue of grapevine varieties in France and under which it may be propagated and disseminated.

Carignan

Origin

This variety is of Spanish origin (probably from the Aragon region).

Synonyms

Recognised alternative names that may be used to identify the propagation material of the variety in France or in other member countries of the European Union.

In Spain, Carignan is officially designated as "Mazuela". This synonym is officially recognized in France regarding plant propagation material.

Legal information This information indicates on which list the variety is registered (A or B), whether it is classified for wine grapes, and in which member countries of the European Union the variety is also officially registered (for more information, see the <a href="/en/reglementation">"Legislation"</a>menu).

This information indicates on which list the variety is registered (A or B), whether it is classified for wine grapes, and in which member countries of the European Union the variety is also officially registered (for more information, see the <a href="/en/reglementation">"Legislation"</a>menu).

In France, Carignan is officially listed in the "Catalogue of Vine varieties" on the A list and classified. This variety is also listed in the catalogues of other Member States of the European Union: Bulgaria, Cyprus, Greece, Malta, Portugal and Spain.

Use

This information indicates the normal and statutory use for the grapes.

Wine grape variety.

Evolution of cultivated areas in France

The figures provided are taken from vineyard land registers (IVCC, ONIVIT, ONIVINS), general agricultural censuses (SCEES-INSEE) and the current computerised vineyard register (DGDDI, FAM).<br>
Regional vine planting data is available on the following site: <a href="https://visionet.franceagrimer.fr/Pages/DonneesInteractivesDocs.aspx?sousmenu=observatoire%20de%20la%20viticulture" target="">visionet</a>.

	1958	1968	1979	1988	1998	2008	2018
ha	169712	211254	207103	176117	102317	73728	30993

Descriptive elements

<p>Only the principal ampelographic elements enabling the varieties to be characterised and identified are provided. They are presented according to the descriptor code recognised by the International Organisation of Vine and Wine (OIV), the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV), the Community Plant Variety Office (OCVV) and Bioversity International (for more information, see the <a href="/en/vocabulaire">"Ampelographic glossary"</a> menu).<br>
The photographs of leaves and grapes were taken in natural conditions, on the vine, in very similar situations in terms of growing conditions (sandy soil, Mediterranean coast):</p>
<ul>
<li>Domaine de l'Espiguette (IFV), Le Grau du Roi (Gard),</li>
<li>Domaine de Vassal (INRAE), Marseillan (Hérault),</li>
<li>La Gaillarde Campus (Institut Agro | Montpellier SupAgro), Montpellier (Hérault).</li>
</ul>
<p>Only a few photographs, including the tips of bunches, were taken in other conditions.</p>

The identification is based on:
- the tip of the young shoot with a high density of prostrate hairs,
- the shiny yellow young leaves,
- the shoots with red striped internodes,
- the large adult leaves, with five lobes, shallow to deep lateral sinuses, a slightly open or closed petiole sinus, a twisted very goffered leaf blade, on and the lower side of the leaves, a low density of prostrate hairs,
- the round-shaped or broad ellipsoid berries.

Genetic profile

Microsatellite	VVS2	VVMD5	VVMD7	VVMD27	VRZAG62	VRZAG79	VVMD25	VVMD28	VVMD32
Allel 1	141	223	239	178	186	252	240	247	249
Allel 2	143	225	239	182	188	260	254	257	251

Phenology

<p>The growth stages indicated are the result of obsrvations made at the Domaine de Vassal Estate where the set of these varieties form a collection. The results are indicated compared to the Chasselas vine variety as a reference in order to make comparisons between years and different sites. As such, for information purposes, the dates for the Chasselas B growth stage at Domaine de Vassal are as follows:</p>
<ul>
<li>Bud burst, 21 March (average over 50 years)</li>
<li>Grape maturity, 14 August (average over 50 years)</li>
</ul>

Bud burst: 9 days after Chasselas.
Grape maturity: late-season, 4 weeks and a half after Chasselas.

Suitability for cultivation and agronomic production The data on suitability are the result of field observations or, if none are available, of bibliography mining and the study of bibliographic references.

The data on suitability are the result of field observations or, if none are available, of bibliography mining and the study of bibliographic references.

Carignan has an erect bearing. This is a fertile variety which has a steady and often substantial production. It is easily trained and must be pruned short (gobelet, cordon). Carignan is well adapted to hot and dry areas, with fairly poor soil (shale for example). It also appears well adapted to windy areas. In terms of mineral absorption, Carignan is sometimes susceptible to potassium deficiency.

Susceptibility to diseases and pests These remarks are also the result of field observations or, if none are available, of bibliography mining and study of bibliographic references.

These remarks are also the result of field observations or, if none are available, of bibliography mining and study of bibliographic references.

This variety is relatively unaffected by grey rot and is very little susceptible to phomopsis. On the other hand, its tremendous susceptibility to powdery mildew on the leaves and bunches is well known. It is also sensitive to vine leafhoppers.

Technological potentiality

<p>The size of grape clusters and berries indicated are based on the following scales:</p>
<table id="potentiel">
<thead>
<tr>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2">Wine grape varieties</td>
<td colspan="2">Table grape varieties</td>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Size</td>
<td>Bunch (g)</td>
<td>Berry (g)</td>
<td>Bunch (g)</td>
<td>Berry (g)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Very small</td>
<td>≤ 100</td>
<td>< 1</td>
<td>< 150</td>
<td>< 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Small</td>
<td>100 - 200</td>
<td>1,5 - 2</td>
<td>150 - 250</td>
<td>2 - 3,5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Moderate</td>
<td>200 - 250</td>
<td>2 - 2,5</td>
<td>250 - 400</td>
<td>3,5 - 5,5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Large</td>
<td>250 - 400</td>
<td>2,5 - 3,5</td>
<td>400 - 700</td>
<td>5,5 - 8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Very large</td>
<td>> 400</td>
<td>> 3,5</td>
<td>> 700</td>
<td>> 8</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Remarks concerning the characteristics of the wines are generally based on tastings organised by juries of professionals.</p>

The bunches and berries are medium to large in size. Carignan has a moderate potential for sugar content and high color potential. The tannins are however harsh, herbaceous, bitter and the wines produced lack fruit and suppleness. These charactertistics can be favorably corrected using carbonic maceration. This is oftentimes linked to the age of the vines, the production conditions and the terroir. Indeed, in poor fertile conditions, in good terroirs, with adult vines and limited production, the wines obtained can be powerful and generous.

Clonal selection in France In this section, the list of certified clones is given. Information on clone conservatories is also provided.

The twenty-five certified Carignan clones carry the numbers 6, 7, 8, 9, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 90, 151, 152, 153, 171, 178, 179, 270, 271, 272, 273, 274, 275, 276, 505 and 547. A conservatory of almost 300 clones was planted in the French department of Aude in 1998.

Bibliographic references The main bibliographical sources are provided.

- Catalogue des variétés et clones de vigne cultivés en France. Collectif, 2007, Ed. IFV, Le Grau-du-Roi, France.
- Documentary collections of the Centre de Ressources Biologiques de la Vigne de Vassal-Montpellier, INRAE - Institut Agro | Montpellier, Marseillan, France.
- Dictionnaire encyclopédique des cépages et de leurs synonymes. P. Galet, 2015, Ed. Libre&Solidaire, France.
- Traité général de viticulture, Ampélographie. P. Viala and V. Vermorel, 1901-1909, Ed. Masson, Paris, France.

Description of clones certified in France In this section, the list of certified clones is given. Information on clone conservatories is also provided.

		Identity and availability					Agronomic data						Technological data						Autres informations
Clone no.	Marque	Origin	Selection	Year of certification	Agronomic references	Surface area used for propagation (year)	Fertility	Production level	Bunch weight	Vigor	Berry size	Susceptibility to grey rot	Sugar level	Color potential	Titrable acidity	Tannic structure	Aromatic intensity	Oenological suitability	New	General note	Agro-tecnic note	Note agronomique	Agronomic note	Links
6		Gard	ENTAV	1971	Languedoc	5.73 ha	low to medium	low to medium	low to medium	high			medium					representative wines of the variety		slightly irregular production. Clone appreciated for its agronomic characteristics
7		Gard	ENTAV	1971	Languedoc	1.32 ha	medium	low to medium	low				medium					representative wines of the variety		steady production. Clone appreciated for its agronomic characteristics
8		Gard	ENTAV	1971	Languedoc	0.38 ha	medium	medium	medium				medium					representative wines of the variety
9		Gard	ENTAV	1971	Languedoc	0.44 ha	low to medium	low to medium	medium				medium to high					representative wines of the variety		clone appreciated for its agronomic characteristics
62		Gard	ENTAV	1971	Languedoc	1.20 ha	high	high	medium				low					representative wines of the variety		steady production. Leaves have more lobes
63		Gard	ENTAV	1971	Languedoc	0.74 ha	medium	medium	medium				medium					representative wines of the variety
64		Gard	ENTAV	1971	Languedoc	0.55 ha	medium	medium	medium	high			medium					representative wines of the variety		steady production
65		Gard	ENTAV	1971	Languedoc	0.55 ha	low	low	low	low			high					representative wines of the variety		slightly irregular production. Clone appreciated for its agronomic characteristics
66		Gard	ENTAV	1971	Languedoc	0.82 ha	medium to high	medium to high	medium				medium					representative wines of the variety		slightly irregular production
90		Gard	ENTAV	1971	Languedoc		high	high	medium				medium					representative wines of the variety
151		Aude	ENTAV	1972	Languedoc	1.94 ha	medium	high	high				medium					representative wines of the variety
152		Aude	ENTAV	1972	Languedoc		medium	medium	medium				medium					representative wines of the variety
153		Aude	ENTAV	1972	Languedoc	0.32 ha	medium	medium	medium				medium					representative wines of the variety
171		Gard	ENTAV	1972	Languedoc	4.15 ha	medium to high	medium to high	medium				low to medium					representative wines of the variety		steady production
178		Pyrénées-Orientales	ENTAV	1972	Languedoc	0.17 ha	medium	medium	low to medium				medium					representative wines of the variety
179		Aude	ENTAV	1972	Languedoc	0.10 ha	medium	medium	medium to high				medium					representative wines of the variety
270		Gard	ENTAV	1973	Languedoc								medium					representative wines of the variety
271		Gard	ENTAV	1973	Languedoc		medium	medium	medium				medium					representative wines of the variety
272		Gard	ENTAV	1973	Languedoc	0.21 ha	medium to high	medium	medium				medium to high					representative wines of the variety
273		Gard	ENTAV	1973	Languedoc		medium to high	medium	medium				medium					representative wines of the variety
274		Gard	ENTAV	1973	Languedoc	0.56 ha	medium	low to medium	low to medium				medium					representative wines of the variety		clone appreciated for its agronomic characteristics with sometimes a slightly irregular production
275		Gard	ENTAV	1973	Languedoc		low to medium	medium	medium				medium					representative wines of the variety
276		Gard	ENTAV	1973	Languedoc		medium	medium to high	medium to high				medium					representative wines of the variety
505		Hérault	ENTAV	1976	Languedoc		medium	medium to high	medium to high				medium					representative wines of the variety
547		Hérault	ENTAV	1978	Languedoc		medium	medium to high	medium to high				medium					representative wines of the variety

Note

PDF export

Catalogue of grapevines cultivated in France